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7.2 不定式作补语

7.2 不定式作补语 

1)     有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。例如:

advise

allow

cause

challenge

command

compel

drive 驱使

enable

encourage

forbid

force

impel

induce

instruct

invite

like/love

order

permit

make

let

have

want

get

warn

persuade

request

send

tell

train

urge

    例如;

Father will not allow us to play on the street.  父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。      

The officer ordered his men to fire. 长官命令士兵开火。

注意:有些动词如make,have,get,want等可用不定式作做宾补,也可用分词作宾补。现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。

2)      有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构,不定式的动词往往是be,不定式一般可以省去。例如:

consider

find

believe

think

declare(声称)

appoint

guess

fancy(设想)

guess

judge

imagine

know

   例如:

We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。

We know him to be a fool. 我们知道他是个笨蛋。(to be 不能省去)

典型例题

   Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer. 

A. to invent B. inventing  C. to have invented  D. having invented 

答案:C. 一般没有consider+宾语+be以外不定式的结构,也没有consider+宾语+doing的结构,排除A、B、D。consider用动词be以外的不定式作宾补时,一般要求用不定式的完成式,故选C。

3)      有些动词可以跟there +to be的结构。例如:

believe

expect

intend

like

love

mean

prefer

want

wish

understand

 

 

   例如:

  We didn't expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。

   You wouldn’t want there to be another war. 你不至于想让另外一场战争发生吧。

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