十三、nowhere可用以成语:be nowhere一无所得,一事无成;get nowhere一事无成,nowhere near离……很远。
十四、有些不定代词(3)同时也是形容词,或有其他的含义
He is all attention, and she is all eyes. 他十分留意,她也注意力集中。
Everybody who is anybody (somebody) at all will be at the dance.
[句中的“anybody(somebody)”在此当“大人物,重要人物”讲。]
十五、例题解析
1) A错。every不可单独充当句子成分,应在其后加上person或改为everyone。
2) A错。改为Every,修饰child。
3) C错。应改为of many,因为被修饰词cultures为可数名词,故其修饰语应用many,而much要修饰不可数名词。
4) B错。应改用many,因此处所指代的是可数名词governments(复数),many在本句中为代词(3),作非限定性定语从句的主语。
5) B错。应改为much evidence,因为evidence(证据,迹象)为不可数名词,故应用much来修饰。
6) B错。应为any general,因为本句为否定句(否定副词never),应该用any,此处表示“(没有达成过) 任何共识”。
7) C错。应改用other来修饰可数复数名词creatures。本句是一个省略了关系代词(3)that(或which)的定语从句,control为名词作主句中及物动词(谓语)lack的宾语,同时又受其后面定语从句的修饰。
8) B错。 改为others。
9) B错。 改为other。
10) C错。改为to the one。
11) C错。应用the other,因为此处表示两者之中的另一个,Art Tatum为人的名字,他只有两只眼睛,故提到“另一只”时应用the other。
12) D错。应改用little,因为equipment为不可数名词,故其修饰语应用little,few后面只接可数复数名词。
13) A为正确答案。空白后为不可数名词“giftgiving, barter, buying”,“[B] A great amny”和“[D] Many”修饰可数名词,而“[C] Much greater”本身是形容词,空档后不应有“of”, 所以填“[A] A great deal of”。
V 指 示 代 词
一、指示代词(3)this,that,these和those用来代替上文已提到或指示眼前的人或物,在句中可充当主语、宾语和定语。做定语的指示代词(3)要与所修饰的词在数上一致
1) Today’s libraries differ greatly from .
[A] the past
[B] those of the past
[C] that are past
[D] those past
2) The amount of money spent on cosmetics, according to some authorities, has exceeded spent on public health.
[A] one
[B] those
[C] it
[D] that
3) The culture and customs of America are more like of England than of any other country.
[A] that
[B] what
[C] which
[D] those
二、为了避免重复,that或those来代替前边的名词或代词(3),that表示事物,those表示人。一般来讲that表示单数或不可数,而those表示复数。但those可以和who连用,由who引导一个定语从句,这时those就不是代替前边的某词
4) Numerous efforts have been made [A] to improve [B] the laws governing [C] air pollution, but none have been as successful as them [D] devised by the state of Oregon.
5) An internationally famous ballerina [A] , Maria Tallchief demonstrated [B] that the quality of ballet in the United States could equal those [C] of the ballet in Europe [D] .
6) Since the job was going to be [A] difficult, he asked only [B] them [C] he trusted to assist him [D] .
7) Forest animals [A] utilize the sense [B] of smell less [C] than them [D] in the countryside.
三、such修饰可数名词须与a连用,也可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词
8) Let us take a serious, reasonable look at what the results might be if proposal were accepted.
[A] so many
[B] a so many
[C] a such
[D] such a
9) Although signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing dishonesty?
[A] so
[B] those
[C] such
[D] such a
四、例题解析
1) B为正确答案。此题中的differ from意为“不同于”,相比较的对象为“现代的图书馆”与“以往的图书馆”,故应选B ,用those代替前面提到的libraries(复数)。
2) D为正确答案。“has exceeded”“超过,超越”,空档后“spent on public health”作定语,而空档处是代词(3)代替“The amount of monay”,这是不可数名词,所以“[A] one”和“[B] those”均不符合条件。“[C] it”也不对,it代词(3)代“the amount of money spent on cosmetics,”那么空档后的“spent on public health”显然与“spent on cosmetics”相矛盾。所以C也不对。
3) D为正确答案。“what”和“which”为连接和关系代词(3),“that”指代单数,而空档处是代前边的“The clture and customs of America”,所以应当用复数代词(3)those。
4) D错。 改为those。这里“those”与“none”同指,都代“the laws”。
5) C错。 改为that,代“the quality。”
6) C错。改为those。C处作“asked”的宾语,又作“he trusted to assist him”的先行词。
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